|
|
|
| |
|
 |
Λεονόρ Φινί (1907 - 1996) |
| |
|
| |
Γεννημένη στο Μπουένος Άιρες στις 30 Αυγούστου του 1907,
με ισπανικές και αργεντίνικες ρίζες, η Λεονόρ Φίνι,
μεγάλωσε στην Τεργέστη της Ιταλίας. Αυτοδίδακτη
καλλιτέχνης, νεαρή ακόμη μελετούσε την αναγεννησιακή και
μανιεριστική ζωγραφική των ευρωπαϊκών μουσείων και
ανατομία στο νεκροτομείο της Τεργέστης.
Στα 17 της μετακόμισε στο Μιλάνο και έπειτα στο Παρίσι
όπου και γνώρισε προσωπικότητες όπως τους Πολ Ελυάρ, Μαξ
Ερνστ, Αντρέ Πιερ ντε Μαντιάργκ, Χένρι Καρτιέ-Μπρεσσόν,
Πικάσο και Νταλί.
Ζωγράφισε πορτρέτα των Ζαν Ζενέ, Άννα Μανιάνι, Ζακ
Οντιμπερντί, Αλίντα Βάλι, Ζαν Σλάμπεργκερ, και άλλων
δημοσιοτήτων που ζούσαν στο Παρίσι. Αναλάμβανε τις
διακοσμήσεις και σχεδίαζε κουστούμια για θεατρικά έργα,
όπερες, μπαλέτα και τον κινηματογράφο.
Παρ’ ότι από πολλούς συνδέεται με τον σουρεαλισμό, η
τέχνη της είναι βαθιά προσωπική. Μας παρουσιάζει έναν
μυστηριώδη και παρεμφατικό κόσμο που κυριαρχείται από
τις γυναίκες. Ο σουρεαλισμός ήταν στην πραγματικότητα
ένα κομμάτι της ζωής της. Το 1936 όταν εξέθεσε έργα της
μαζί με άλλους σουρεαλιστές στο Παρίσι, και είδαν τα
έργα της, της ζήτησαν να την γνωρίσουν από κοντά και
εκείνη εμφανίστηκε στο καφέ που είχαν ραντεβού, φορώντας
μια στολή καρδιναλίου και εξήγησε ότι αρέσκεται στο «ανοσιούργημα»
της γυναίκας που φορά αντρικά ρούχα.
Έγραψε τρεις νουβέλες, και ο κύκλος της περιελαμβάνε
μεταξύ άλλων, ονόματα όπως του Ζαν Κοκτώ και Τζόρτζιο
ντε Κίρικο. Ζωγράφισε για έργα όπως των Πόε, Μπωντλέρ
και Σαίξπηρ, αλλά και για σύγχρονους συγγραφείς με τους
οποίους υπήρξε ιδιαίτερα γενναιόδωρη χαρίζοντάς τους τις
δουλειές της, διασφαλίζοντας πιο άμεσα και εύκολα την
έκδοση των βιβλίων τους.
Η πρώτη της σόλο έκθεση ήταν στην Julian Levy Gallery το
1939 στη Νέα Υόρκη. Κατά τη διάρκεια του 2ου παγκοσμίου
πολέμου, έζησε στο Μόντε Κάρλο και στη Ρώμη και στη
συνέχεια εργάστηκε ως εικονογράφος, σκηνογράφος και
ζωγράφος με μεγάλη αναγνώριση στη Ευρώπη. Πέθανε στο
Παρίσι το 1996. |
| |
|
| |
|
 |
Leonor Fini (1907 - 1996) |
| |
|
| |
Leonor Fini (1907 - 1996)
was an Argentine surrealist painter, designer,
illustrator, and author, known for her
unapologetic[clarification needed] depictions of
powerful women.
Born in Buenos Aires, Argentina, she was raised in
Trieste, Italy, her mother's home city. Custody battles
often involved Fini and her mother in sudden flights and
disguises. She moved to Milan at the age of 17, and then
to Paris, in either 1931 or 1932. There, she became
acquainted with Carlo CarràGandiorgio de Chirico a, who
inspired much of her work. She also came to knowmul
Éluard, Max Ernst, Georges Bataille, Henri Cartier-Bresson,
Picasso, André Pieyre de Mandiargues, and Salvador Dalí.
Fini had no formal artistic training. Her first major
exhibition was in 1939 in New York at Julian Levy’s
Gallery. Fini was considered part of a pre-war
generation of Parisian artists, and outlived most of her
artist peers. Surrealist artists in France became very
interested in her once she began setting herself up as
an artist, and came to know her as important in the
movement. She is mentioned in most comprehensive works
about surrealism, although some leave her out (interestingly
enough she did not consider herself a surrealist). In
1949 Frederick Ashton choreographed a ballet
conceptualized by Fini, "Le Rêve de Leonor" (“Leonor's
Dream") with music by Benjamin Britten. In London, she
exhibited at the Kaplan gallery in 1960 and at the
Hanover Gallery in 1967. In the summer of 1986 there was
a retrospective at the Musee du Luxembourg in Paris that
drew in more than 5,000 people a day. It featured over
260 works in a variety of media. A tribute to the many
artistic and creative avenues that her career took
throughout her lifetime, there were 100+ watercolours
and drawings, around 80 theatre/costume designs, and
about 70 paintings, 5 masks, etc. Many of her paintings
featured women in positions of power; an example of this
is the painting La Bout du Monde where a female figure
is submerged in water up to her breasts with human and
animal skulls surrounding her. Madonna used the imagery
in her video, "Bedtime Story" in 2006. In the spring of
1987 she had an exhibition at London’s Editions
Graphique’s gallery. Fini was also featured in an
exhibition entitled “Women, Surrealism, and Self-representation”
at the San Francisco Modern Museum of Art in 1999.
She painted portraits of Jean Genet, Anna Magnani,
Jacques Audiberti, Alida Valli, Jean Schlumberger (jewelry
designer) and Suzanne Flon as well as many other
celebrities and wealthy visitors to Paris. While working
for Elsa Schiaparelli she designed the flacon for the
perfume, "Shocking", which became the top selling
perfume for the House of Schiaparelli. She designed
costumes and decorations for theater, ballet and opera,
including the first ballet performed by Roland Petit's
Ballet de Paris, "Les Demoiselles de la nuit", featuring
a young Margot Fonteyn. This was a payment of gratitude
for Fini's having been instrumental in finding the
funding for the new ballet company. She also designed
the costumes for two films, Renato Castellani's Romeo
and Juliet (1954) and John Huston's A Walk with Love and
Death (1968), which starred 18-year-old Anjelica Huston
and Moshe Dayan's son, Assaf.
In the 1970s, she wrote three novels, Rogomelec, Moumour,
Contes pour enfants velu and Oneiropompe. Her friends
included Jean Cocteau, Giorgio de Chirico, and Alberto
Moravia, Fabrizio Clerici and most of the other artists
and writers inhabiting or visiting Paris. She
illustrated many works by the great authors and poets,
including Edgar Allan Poe, Charles Baudelaire and
Shakespeare, as well as texts by new writers. She was
very generous with her illustrations and donated many
drawings to writers to help them get published. She is,
perhaps, best known for her graphic illustrations for
Histoire d'O.
Fini is considered a great contributor to the feminist
movement because her paintings often depict impertinent
young women in scenes that empower their image. |
| |
|
| |
|
 |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
|
